The fireproof/resistant Velcro is pretty good, we used to use it to mount electrical equipment into cabinets. The standard Velcro products were rubbish though once things got warm.
Depends what you mean by removable, one component being put in and out repeatedly, or being able to remove the component and take the tape off completely leaving it clean?
The best solution i’ve found is stacking materials
+1, we used to use a lot of Tesa’s cloth tapes as a base to stick something too as in general they were pretty tenacious but came off cleanly. So you could stick something like 3M VHB tape to the component, know that it was going nowhere, but still have a chance of getting it off afterwards by spraying sticky stuff remover onto the cloth tape.