19t will require a mod to the chainstay to clear.
Al, have you measured to see if you can get 3 10 / 11 speed sprockets oon the brompton freehub? it is shimano pattern, loose the spoke protect and then loose the circlip system. not sure if the brompton system has sprockets has 8 or 9 speed sproket spacing, if it is 8 then going to 10 speed will give you quite a bit if space – will measure the spacing on mine.
other option might be worth a look is perhaps something like a Hope Trails hub more room for spockets and per the OLN could be reduced to suit the brompton
I have a double on the front of my bike, don’t use a shifter though, shift down by knocking the chain off woth foot and then reaching down to lift the chain back on.
if you wnat that range you woukd be better going for a nexus/alfine conversion or using the brompton 6 speed system.