condensation forms on the warm side of a cold surface.
(ie, on the outside of a pint-glass)
assuming your ‘lino’ is water-proof, the condensation would form on top of it, not below it.
the best-guess from this average-at-best engineer is that the moisture is coming up from the ground. There might be some interesting vapour/condensing process after that, but we’re looking for the route cause here…
suggested bodge suggestion #1: take up the lino, and leave it uncovered, accept that you’ve got an air-moisturising floor, and buy a dehumidifier.
suggested bodge suggestion #2: dig a french drain around the slab?
actually, water coming through the concrete (it’s not 100% water-proof) hints that the ground around the slab is damp, how’s the guttering?