but because the 42 is a lot closer to the bottom bracket than the 10.
not where the chain first contacts the sprocket it isn’t.
If you assume the chain leaves at the 12 and 6 o’clock positions on all sprockets it only varies then due to the size difference effect on the diagonal and a bit of chain wrap etc.
What I would say though is if you have to compromise then bias towards the gears you use most and exert the most torque in. eg you might be doing a lot of out of the saddle climbing in low gears and generally only use the higher gears when down hill and just to keep speed up and work with gravity or when pootling on the flat.
High torque + bad chain line is the worst scenario for a bike chain and will accelerate wear.