Rotating weight doe...
 

Subscribe now and choose from over 30 free gifts worth up to £49 - Plus get £25 to spend in our shop

[Closed] Rotating weight does it make any difference and why?

133 Posts
52 Users
0 Reactions
2,187 Views
Posts: 1154
Free Member
Topic starter
 

Is it better to save 100g off of your rims or you hubs, its all going at the same speed so surely it makes no difference?


 
Posted : 28/04/2010 8:22 pm
Posts: 0
Free Member
 

Take your front wheel off hold it by skewer and get someone to spin it! No try moving it around. Rotational mass is a bitch man!! Keep it light.


 
Posted : 28/04/2010 8:24 pm
Posts: 0
Free Member
 

The only time it makes a difference is during acceleration. The average acceleration produced by the average STWer is very, very small, so in terms of bicycle riding, the idea that rotating weight is important is a myth.

Someone will be along in a minute to totally disagree, but that's STW for you.

(they'll be wrong by the way)


 
Posted : 28/04/2010 8:25 pm
Posts: 41395
Free Member
 

Look up moment of inertia.

If acceleration didnt matter then you wouldn't know the difference between a light and heavy bike 🙄

do try harder!


 
Posted : 28/04/2010 8:28 pm
Posts: 0
Free Member
 

Look up the actual figures for how much 'acceleration' is actually occuring, then relate it to context, then to the average STWer, then come back and show me the maths that prove it's so important.

On a bicycle, in situations where accelerations occur, weight is weight is weight whether it rotates, spins, bounces, hovers or wobbles.

If you can prove differently, go ahead.


 
Posted : 28/04/2010 8:32 pm
Posts: 41395
Free Member
 

🙄 you first


 
Posted : 28/04/2010 8:35 pm
 br
Posts: 18125
Free Member
 

Levers - hold your bike at arms length, now hold it close

Or

http://www.analyticcycling.com/WheelsConcept_Page.html

Also consider sprung vs unsprung weight.


 
Posted : 28/04/2010 8:41 pm
Posts: 0
Free Member
 

I currently have a 6.5kg (road) bike with fairly light, slightly flexy wheels.
As I never do the kind of events that require frequent accelerations I'd happily swap for a 6.5kg bike with heavier stiffer more aero wheels.
I'd agree with Crikey.


 
Posted : 28/04/2010 8:45 pm
Posts: 27
Free Member
 

on a mountain bike you are constantly accelerating and deccelerating and changing the rotational velocity of the wheel.
you are constantly trying to maintain the rotational speed of the wheel as friction tries to slow it down.
also momentum is very important in mountain biking, whereby at slower speeds bumpy terrain has a greater impact on reducing your speed the slower you are going so to be able to get the bike up to speed quickly and efficiently is very important in terms of conserving your momentum, speed and energy.


 
Posted : 28/04/2010 8:47 pm
Posts: 0
Free Member
 

"The average acceleration produced by the average STWer is very, very small"

Maths err no. But this is how I'm thinking about it... might be confused though.

Each pedal stroke results in a small amount of acceleration otherwise drag would bring you to a halt, no? All these little accelerations are where your effort goes (assuming you're cycling on the flat).

Imagine you are holding a weight on a 1" bit of string and think about how much effort you need to spin it around. Now make the string 26" long and resume spinning at same rotation rate as with the short string, again imagining how much effort you need. Which was greater, or was it the same?

1" is like the hub, 26" is like the rim.


 
Posted : 28/04/2010 8:49 pm
Posts: 27
Free Member
 

fair enough if you are bimbling along at 5mph, but if you are pushing it and screaming in and out of corners, then it becomes important


 
Posted : 28/04/2010 8:49 pm
Posts: 0
Free Member
 

Surely most STWers aren't accelerating uphill much anyway? Just on downhills, where wheel mass is probably a plus 😉


 
Posted : 28/04/2010 8:56 pm
Posts: 0
Free Member
 

Going around a corner is accelerating, so as you do that quite a lot on a mountainbike it becomes rather important.

Saying that I love the feeling of a heavy bomproof wheelset banging through a rock and root strewn route as much as I like the flickability of a lightweight xc wheelset.


 
Posted : 28/04/2010 9:05 pm
Posts: 0
Free Member
 

Going uphill or downhill complicates the thought experiment because you are also converting between chemical->potential (going up) and then potential->kinetic (going down).

I'm guessing that heavier/bigger wheels assist downhill stability because of the increased flywheel and gyroscopic effects. Is this what 29er riders are experiencing when they say they "roll better"?


 
Posted : 28/04/2010 9:09 pm
Posts: 41395
Free Member
 

Someone please tell me this thread is a wind up?


 
Posted : 28/04/2010 9:11 pm
Posts: 0
Free Member
 

It's a wind up
[as requested]


 
Posted : 28/04/2010 9:15 pm
Posts: 0
Free Member
 

My hack has super marathon plus 1.3's weighing in 950g (+-) ea.

I don't half feel the weight on the bike after 15 miles!

Great thing is jumping on my xc or road bike you fly from training with heavy roatational mass to riding a roadie wheelset weight, lighter than the two hack tyres alone!

I guess I would take heavy mass puncture resistance over a light puncture prone tyre in commutes or winter but with Summer here now-go for a lighter tyre and fly.

Some bike mags tested heavy tough tyres Vs. light racing and nearly 5 mins difference on finishing times over ten miles but how long would it take to mend a puncture? 5 mins or less with a tube swap? It's a personal choice.


 
Posted : 28/04/2010 9:17 pm
Posts: 0
Free Member
 

Well, my views are coloured because I once actally swallowed the magazine bollox about rotating weight.
Swapped from my middleweight XT wheels and tyres to a very light Tune f/ XTR rear based set-up with the lightest tyres and real-world innertubes...
... and it made precisely **** all difference to how the bike felt, though, I worried more about crashing.


 
Posted : 28/04/2010 9:19 pm
Posts: 0
Free Member
 

It's a common misconception, based on years and years of cycling old wives tales...

Weight is weight, and the accelerations produced by cyclists are very small, plus the flywheel effect of heavier rotating bits allows 'conservation of momentum' to a certain degree. It's a bit like the 'I'll spend £200 to lose a kilo from my bike and will be at least 20 mph faster' rubbish.

It's all in your heads, and it's probably quite lonely in there...


 
Posted : 28/04/2010 9:19 pm
Posts: 41395
Free Member
 

Prove it


 
Posted : 28/04/2010 9:22 pm
Posts: 4967
Free Member
 

I've always been confused by the theory of the rotating mass argument, obviously a heavier rim will be slower to accelerate than a lighter one. I also understand the slight acceleration on each revolution argument by Buzz although you could also argue that a heavier wheel has more inertia and would hold it's speed better.
The wheels on my 29er are 2.5kg (and the mass is further from the centre of rotation) but on my full suss they are 1.7kg but if anything the 29er feels faster up hill (although that may be due to it being SS rigid). All in all I'm not convinced about the importance of wheel weight other than lighter wheels accelerate quicker and therefore feel nicer. Rolling resistance is much more important for me.


 
Posted : 28/04/2010 9:22 pm
Posts: 1
Full Member
 

The only time it makes a difference is during acceleration. The average acceleration produced by the average STWer is very, very small, so in terms of bicycle riding, the idea that rotating weight is important is a myth.

Someone will be along in a minute to totally disagree, but that's STW for you.

(they'll be wrong by the way)

Yup, you are accelerating the whole bike. But you are also accelerating the spinning wheels. The wheels spin faster than the bike moves forward so have more kinetic energy.

So a bike where the wheels are a higher proportion of the total weight will require a greater energy input to accelerate than a bike where the wheels are a lower propertion of the weight.

Similarly weight in the wheels more towards the outside will spin faster and therefore have more kinetic energy than weight at the centre of the wheel.

Energy balances can solve most question in this world!


 
Posted : 28/04/2010 9:36 pm
Posts: 0
Free Member
 

I can't prove it without digging out the actual physics arguments, which, as I'm off to that London tomorrow will have to wait.

It's about the context; are you really trying to say that in the total system of bike/rider/helmet/sunglasses/undershirt/shorts/socks/shoes/Camelbak/water/gel/multitool/spare tube/phone/wallet/keys that all need to be 'accelerated' each time acceleration occurs, that the change in weight of 100g or 200g at the wheel is a significant one?

If the total weight is 100kg, and all this, don't forget must be 'accelerated' otherwise you'll leave something behind, then the impact of rotating weight is as close to jeff all as makes no difference.

Weight is weight is weight.


 
Posted : 28/04/2010 9:41 pm
Posts: 41395
Free Member
 

I can't prove it without digging out the actual physics arguments, which, as I'm off to that London tomorrow will have to wait.
LOL you are arguing this without even understanding the physics?

Let me help you. I'm not saying it's significant - just that gram for gram you'll feel weight loss more at the rim/tyre than static weight

you're probably trolling anyway.


 
Posted : 28/04/2010 9:47 pm
Posts: 0
Free Member
 

"although you could also argue that a heavier wheel has more inertia and would hold it's speed better."

This is where I get especially confused. The positive flywheel effect would seem to cancel out the negative effects of getting it moving - at least in my lonely head! [I'll admit to finding even simple mechanical problems difficult to see, which is perhaps why I work in software]

But do you see my weight and string thought experiment back up there? Isn't that the clincher? Or can you explain some assumption I've missed?


 
Posted : 28/04/2010 9:50 pm
Posts: 0
Free Member
 

[i]LOL you are arguing this without even understanding the physics?[/i]

I'm arguing it without presenting the physics to you, which would be casting pearls before swine.

[i]I'm not saying it's significant[/i]...which would therefore imply that it doesn't matter, in this or any other context.

It's an old cyclists maxim and one which has no basis in reality; when you accelerate yourself on a bike, you accelerate everything you have on, everything you carry, everything that contributes to the total weight of you and your kit and your bike, whether that mass rotates or not is immaterial; it all has to be accelerated.

If you can prove differently, beeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee my guest, as the song goes.


 
Posted : 28/04/2010 9:59 pm
Posts: 41395
Free Member
 

Is there a need for insults?

I started a reply but I really cba.


 
Posted : 28/04/2010 10:04 pm
Posts: 0
Free Member
 

Sorry, I was using a phrase rather than meaning to insult, apologies...

I will try to dig out the maths/physics bit when I've got more time, but I'm really not convinced by the whole rotating weight thing.


 
Posted : 28/04/2010 10:08 pm
Posts: 41395
Free Member
 

Whatever.


 
Posted : 28/04/2010 10:10 pm
Posts: 0
Free Member
 

It's all to do with the quality of your bearings. If you don't believe me just ask Kaesae.


 
Posted : 28/04/2010 10:13 pm
Posts: 0
Free Member
 

Let me help you. I'm not saying it's significant - just that gram for gram you'll feel weight loss more at the rim/tyre than static weight

you're probably trolling anyway.


So your argument is that there is a difference, but it's totally insignificant? Well I think me and crikey actually agree with you then - are you sure it's not you who's trolling?

This thread is a good collection of all the usual myths trotted out by the rotating weight congregation. I'll just pull out a few points:

Each pedal stroke results in a small amount of acceleration otherwise drag would bring you to a halt, no? All these little accelerations are where your effort goes (assuming you're cycling on the flat).

Yes, but heavier wheels with more inertia will actually help to reduce these micro accelerations! Not that it really matters, because your effort doesn't go into these little accelerations, it mostly goes into rolling resistance and aero drag.
Going around a corner is accelerating, so as you do that quite a lot on a mountainbike it becomes rather important.

Very well observed - cornering is acceleration. However the speed your wheels rotate at doesn't inherently change as you corner, hence there is no change in wheel inertia and no energy input required - rotating weight makes no more difference than static weight.
Some bike mags tested heavy tough tyres Vs. light racing and nearly 5 mins difference on finishing times over ten miles

Which is all down to the rolling resistance and nothing to do with the difference in inertia. 1kg more of tyres would make 2.5% difference to the total inertia of a typical rider and bike (and only 1.25% more difference than the same weight on your belly) - how does that account for 5 minutes difference over 10 miles unless you're taking over 3 hours to do those 10 miles and the only thing your energy is going into is acceleration?
But do you see my weight and string thought experiment back up there? Isn't that the clincher?

Not really - because the energy involved in spinning the rim is still insignificant compared to the energy involved in moving the rest of the system (see my 2.5%/1.25% figure above due to a massive difference in rotating weight).


 
Posted : 28/04/2010 10:15 pm
Posts: 0
Free Member
 

Those of you that think it does make a big difference (other than road crits and Tour mountain stages) should do as I did- go out IMMEDIATELY! and purchase a light set of wheels, weight your bike with the difference in lead weight, then ride your usual route, then if you can show youve been noticably faster I'll believe ya.


 
Posted : 28/04/2010 10:17 pm
Posts: 0
Free Member
 

A wheel of lower rotating mass will be easier to change the direction of travel of. This is also a contributing advantage of lighter wheels and rims.


 
Posted : 28/04/2010 10:30 pm
Posts: 2834
Full Member
 

Rotating weight does it make any difference and why?

It does for a Land Speed Record car.

See here ---> [url= http://www.bloodhoundssc.com/car/wheels.cfm ]Bloodhound SSC[/url]

I doubt any of us could produce that kind of power on our bicycles though....


 
Posted : 28/04/2010 10:33 pm
Posts: 14017
Full Member
 

If it makes such a big difference why would anyone consider using a 29er to race?


 
Posted : 29/04/2010 8:04 am
Posts: 10616
Full Member
 

A fragile rim will spoil your ride more than a sturdy one. Not only when it breaks, but when you think twice about riding stuff because of it.


 
Posted : 29/04/2010 8:09 am
Posts: 17
Free Member
 

It matters on a number of levels that, while relatively minor, can make a large difference to the feel of the bike. The first is the gyroscopic effect when trying to turn while travelling at speed - heavier rims mean more gyroscopic action, meaning the wheel is harder to change direction. May only be small but so is the stiffness advantage gained by maxles etc, yet people don't question the logic in that.

Heavier rims/tyres make a huge difference to the feel of a bike when accelerating - sure the numbers involved may be relatively small, but they're noticable to a human and that has both physiological and psychological effects. I have two sets of tyres that are identical in size and very similar tread pattern but one set is about 300g heavier. Pump them up to the same high pressure (say 50psi) to reduce casing distortion effects and I challenge you not to notice a very large difference in the laggy spongey slow feel of the heavier tyres.

I don't think it's THAT significant to be worth losing sleep over, but I do think that's the main place I try to lose weight from as instinctually that's the place I feel it most regardless of the idealised physics models.

I think it obviously makes less difference if you're a more fit and steady rider, slower riders and those who struggle start-stop on climbs will notice it more as it's a larger percentage of their time. Those who can sit and spin comfortably are effectively negating its effect until they choose to stand up and blast away, so might as well just lose the weight from wherever.

Also remember that we're not machines, we're biological, we dont output forces with the same efficiency across the scale, at higher forces it may take more effort to apply (I'm speculating, I have no numbers) - i.e. applying 100Nm of torque might take 10 Kcals to maintain, but 200Nm might take 40, in which case the larger spikes of required energy for slightly heavier wheels may affect the efficiency of the human driving it more notably than the rather minimal increase in difficulty. Again, no numbers so that is somewhat questionable, but an interesting thought process - we treat humans as machines, X watts out = X difficulty, 2X watts out may not = 2X difficulty.

There's, of course, the positive side effect of heavy rims/tyres - the flywheel effect that helps you keep going over bumpy stuff. Increased work required by brakes when stopping though.


 
Posted : 29/04/2010 8:26 am
 tron
Posts: 0
Free Member
 

If you want to think about the maths, have a look at this:

http://www.pumaracing.co.uk/FLYWHEEL.htm

The figures quoted are for flywheels on car engines, which obviously get up to 8000 rpm or so, whilst bike wheels don't.

However, car engines also tend to produce north of 100bhp (~75kw). Whilst we tend to produce 2-300watts.

And a bit of a google produces this:
http://van.physics.illinois.edu/qa/listing.php?id=7559

Which says weight on the wheel is equivalent to double the weight on the frame.


 
Posted : 29/04/2010 8:41 am
Posts: 41395
Free Member
 

I should have been clearer - the weight difference feels significant and to that end it is significant for the rider, but I doubt it will make a significant time difference.

West kipper - I've ridden the same bike with different wheels - saving around 400gm per wheel at the rim. The difference is instantly noticeable.

Yes, but heavier wheels with more inertia will actually help to reduce these micro accelerations! Not that it really matters, because your effort doesn't go into these little accelerations, it mostly goes into rolling resistance and aero drag.

I disagree. The momentum of the wheels vs that of the bike/rider is tiny - heavier wheels (within what is available) will have insignificant effect on keeping up momentum. "Aero drag" at mtb speeds - even racing - WTF?


 
Posted : 29/04/2010 8:41 am
Posts: 7924
Free Member
 

I think working against gyroscopic action during direction changes is understated.


 
Posted : 29/04/2010 8:46 am
Posts: 0
Free Member
 

there is no gyroscopic effect its torque your should be refering to


 
Posted : 29/04/2010 8:52 am
Posts: 0
 

Got a lightweight pair and through using normal tyres as tubeless I lost nearly a kilo and a half from my bike. It did feel quicker and it probably was because the moment i sliced the sidewall of my uber light 2.1 Exception Crossmark and replaced it with a 2.25 (was a mistake meant to get the 2.1 one) LUST version the bike simply drags itself.

On the few rides I managed on the Exception I remember sitting slightly back on the saddle and the lack of effort while pedalling was amazing. I am almost thinking of getting another and just putting a tube in.

Perceived or not it does not matter to me, what it does matter is that I did 27 miles on an average 10.2 miles per hour when I normally struggle at 9mph.


 
Posted : 29/04/2010 8:53 am
Posts: 41395
Free Member
 

there is no gyroscopic effect its torque your should be refering to

Rewrite teh laws of physics!


 
Posted : 29/04/2010 8:58 am
Posts: 0
Free Member
 

What I've done is magnitize my spokes with the outer ends being the south pole. That way when I cycle north (which is uphil) the northern most spokes are attracted by the the northern earth pole and the southern most ones repelled by the southern earth pole. It's a small effect but combined with performance bearings gives me a definite edge.


 
Posted : 29/04/2010 9:07 am
Posts: 8
Free Member
 

I find that my wheels accelerate easier after I've curled one out before a ride, therefore it must be down to total weight rather than rotating weight 😀


 
Posted : 29/04/2010 9:14 am
Posts: 6980
Free Member
 

yes it does, look at the distance the 'weight' travels


 
Posted : 29/04/2010 9:16 am
Posts: 0
Free Member
 

think there is some confusion from folks regarding effort.

i.e you only put effort in to accelerate, so this is when weight matters...

there is CONSTANT deceleration from air, rolling, gravitational and static contact resisistance.

therefore you are constantly putting in force against this combined effect.


 
Posted : 29/04/2010 9:25 am
Posts: 1154
Free Member
Topic starter
 

the weight moves the same distance, roll your bike along the ground so the wheels revolve once, and you'll see that that the valve stems have moved the same distance as the rest of the bike.


 
Posted : 29/04/2010 9:27 am
Posts: 0
Free Member
 

But did they move in a straight line, like the rest of the bike?


 
Posted : 29/04/2010 9:33 am
Posts: 0
Free Member
 

Surely there is some german MTB mag that will have measured all this?


 
Posted : 29/04/2010 9:34 am
Posts: 41395
Free Member
 

ballsofcottonwool - Member
the weight moves the same distance, roll your bike along the ground so the wheels revolve once, and you'll see that that the valve stems have moved the same distance as the rest of the bike.

There's more to it than that - google "moment of intertia" like I said.


 
Posted : 29/04/2010 9:36 am
Posts: 0
Free Member
 

to answer the OP that was

Is it better to save 100g off of your rims or you hubs, its all going at the same speed so surely it makes no difference?

It is better to save the weight off the rims.

This is due to the amount of effort required to move the weight a given distance. Mass that is farther out from a given axis must, for a given velocity, move more quickly than mass closer in. Therefore any effort put in will have a greater effect on acceleration where the mass is closer to the axis.

This is proven physics and not marketing hype.

If you would like me to I can extend these principles into why you are better saving weight off you wheels (as a whole) over other parts of the bike.


 
Posted : 29/04/2010 9:53 am
Posts: 1
Full Member
 

There is a clear point to lighter wheels and overcoming inertia - but only if the wheels are stiff enough for supporting rider weight and good tracking. That's where the cost comes in! I prefer lighter wheels but not stupidly light with 24 spokes, as weighing 95 kilos I will break them. On long endurance events like the kielder 100 or events with lots of climbing with all of the small accelerations adding up you will feel the difference. All personal choice though!

Tyres make a huge difference to how the bike feels on the trail as mentioned above, so note that you can save 200g on a tyre too!


 
Posted : 29/04/2010 9:54 am
Posts: 173
Free Member
 

think there is some confusion from folks regarding effort.

i.e you only put effort in to accelerate, so this is when weight matters...

there is CONSTANT deceleration from air, rolling, gravitational and static contact resisistance.

therefore you are constantly putting in force against this combined effect.

There's been a couple of different versions of this statement written on threads like these. While it's true that you're constantly putting in effort to combat air resistance, etc., this does not mean that you're accelerating anything.

If you're moving at a constant velocity, nothing is accelerating, rotating weight or otherwise.

As Al has said, rotating weight has more effect on acceleration, because you have to accelerate it in what could be thought of as 2 dimensions. The wheels have to move horizontally along with the rest of the bike, but they also have to be "spun up".

The sums are Force = mass x acceleration for the horizontal acceleration, plus torque = moment of inertia x angular acceleration for spinning up the wheels.

Whether or not the numbers you eventually get out of all that would be significant or not, I don't know (and can't be bothered working out), but for what it's worth, moment of inertia is quite complicated depending on the weight distribution in the rotating object, but it's generally based on mass x radius squared , so the usual stuff you see written about hubs, disc rotors, etc. not being too important compared to rims & tyres is also correct.


 
Posted : 29/04/2010 10:00 am
Posts: 17
Free Member
 


there is no gyroscopic effect its torque your should be refering to

I'm sorry, what? I don't think you've thought this through!


 
Posted : 29/04/2010 10:05 am
Posts: 0
Free Member
 

You can do the experiment yourselves:

Mount a wheel in a wheel jig on a bench. Wrap some rope around the rim, long enough so that it will reach the floor when it unwinds. Tie a mass to the free end of the rope and time how long it takes for the mass to reach the floor if it is allowed to free-fall whilst unwinding the rope.

Now, Torque = Inertia * angular accn. Knowing the distance to the floor the mass has fallen through and the time it takes to do that you can work out both the torque applied to the wheel and the angular acceleration - and therefore the interia of the wheel. But the maths doesn't really matter as the interia will be proportional to the time for the mass to fall if the mass and drop height is the same each time. Repeat for several wheels and see if the the difference in time is signficant.

The result will obviously be influenced by bearing smoothness, but it's the best that can be done in a simple experiment. Used to do a similar experiment teaching undergad Mech Eng


 
Posted : 29/04/2010 10:06 am
Posts: 0
Free Member
 

"You can do the experiment yourselves" they won't though, they'll keep droning on and on and on and on and on and plane on a conveyor belt and on and on...

6 pages by 5pm tomorrow, you watch.


 
Posted : 29/04/2010 10:10 am
Posts: 0
Free Member
 

Yes, I was always in the camp of 'it makes a huge difference', but having just done some fag packet calcs (it's a slow day....), as I=mr^2, I'm probably better off fitting BMX wheels to my road bike, to reduce the radius, and seeing if Kaesae can sort me out with some magically smooth hub bearings than agonising over 100g at the rim. Bang goes the new road wheels - the wife/credit card will be pleased 😉


 
Posted : 29/04/2010 10:18 am
Posts: 0
Free Member
 

Heavier rim or tyre will produce a stronger gyroscopic effect, which has two consequences. First you get stronger stability because the wheels "want" to go straight, secondly when you do turn the torque reaction fed through front the front wheel (gyroscope) into the frame will be larger and make a more forceful difference to the attitude of the bike, helping the turn once you have overcome the threshold. This is why, I believe, chunkier bikes feel better with shorter stems - the lighter steering feel of a shorter stem goes with the heavier initial feel of a heavier tyre/rim.

As for acceleration, of course there is a difference. The question should just be re-written as "is 100g difference enough to notice?". If you made it 1000g difference it would obviously be noticable, so 100 does make a difference, but you might not be able to feel it, or care.


 
Posted : 29/04/2010 10:18 am
Posts: 17
Free Member
 

secondly when you do turn the torque reaction fed through front the front wheel (gyroscope) into the frame will be larger and make a more forceful difference to the attitude of the bike, helping the turn once you have overcome the threshold.

Not sure I understand what you mean here.


 
Posted : 29/04/2010 10:21 am
 majk
Posts: 6
Full Member
 

OK, let's do the maths. Hope I don't cock any of this up...

Imagine the effect of adding an additional weight 'm', either to the rim at a radius 'r' from the hub, or to somewhere on the frame, and how much energy you need to put in to get your bike moving to a certain speed 'v' relative to the ground.

Rotational energy = 1/2 * I * w^2

I -> moment of inertia, ~= m*r^2, (actually the formula for a point mass, but a close enough approximation to a rim or tyre)

w -> rotational velocity = 2*pi*v/r

Substitute those two in, you get:

Rotational energy = 1/2 * m*r^2 * 4 * pi^2 / r^2 * v^2

Here, something interesting happens: the r^2 and the 1/r^2 cancel out, meaning that the energy required is not affected by the radius of the wheel (whether bmx or 29er): the bigger wheel will be spinning more slowly at the same ground speed.

So, we end up with rotational energy = 2*pi^2*m*v^2

Compare this with the translational kinetic energy from the weight moving forward with velocity v, the well known E = 1/2*m*v^2

So, a weight on the wheel needs 4*pi^2 times more energy to get moving to the same speed than if it were on the frame. That's [b]40 times[/b], which actually is pretty shockingly much!

One thing I'm not sure about: the weight on the wheel is also moving forward and so I suspect you need to put in an aditional E = 1/2*m*v^2 of energy to get it moving forwards....

Dr Mike


 
Posted : 29/04/2010 10:38 am
Posts: 17
Free Member
 

Glad you went through the maths, I couldn't be bothered!


 
Posted : 29/04/2010 10:42 am
Posts: 0
Free Member
 

Not sure I understand what you mean here.
You know when you hold a wheel and spin it and then turn it? Ever done that? If you do it sitting on a swivel chair the torque will turn the entire chair with you on it. Well that's what happens every time you turn your front wheel - the twisting force feeds into the fork and then the frame.


 
Posted : 29/04/2010 10:43 am
Posts: 173
Free Member
 

One thing I'm not sure about: the weight on the wheel is also moving forward and so I suspect you need to put in an aditional E = 1/2*m*v^2 of energy to get it moving forwards....

Yeah, you do! I was just about to pick you up on that, good save! 😉


 
Posted : 29/04/2010 10:44 am
Posts: 0
Free Member
 

The gyroscopic effect is (I think) a bit more subjective than for simple acceleration in a striaght line. The gyroscopic force is proportional to the inertia and rotation speed, but also the input torque and turning rate at the bars. This is acting in combination with the moment due the lateral force at the contact patch on the tyre as you turn..... but the gyroscopic torque builds as you put steering input in and drops as you hold the line around the curve (your turning rate on the bars has dropped to zero if you hold a constant line), but the torque due to the lateral force on the tyre in increasing as the banking angle increases through the turn.

There's a lot more variables here than just the wheel interia, so saying situation X is better than situation Y is more subjective depending on what you want to achieve.


 
Posted : 29/04/2010 10:44 am
Posts: 17
Free Member
 

You know when you hold a wheel and spin it and then turn it? Ever done that? If you do it sitting on a swivel chair the torque will turn the entire chair with you on it. Well that's what happens every time you turn your front wheel - the twisting force feeds into the fork and then the frame.

Yup, I know, just not sure how that translates to "feeling" on the bike.


 
Posted : 29/04/2010 10:46 am
Posts: 4892
Full Member
 

Right my Physics and Math’s are getting a bit old now. (Back when 'A' levels where hard and all that)

Bike wheels spin to move forward so to move a wheel forward, more of the force is required to move the outside of the wheel than it is at the centre (rotational mass) and more than a saddle or frame or rider (ish) (static mass)

More force is required the further out the mass is.
(ie You'd be better saving weight 5g on tyres than 10g on hubs)

As this is all to do with inertia (not torque) it only matters when changing speed. At a constant speed it makes no difference.

Lastly I'm not clever enough to do the math’s on this but I suspect that for your every day cyclist. Any weight saving that is being noticed is because of the general weight saving and not that of rotational mass.

If it's a few grams you would only notice it under sprinting up to a speed or heavy braking.

Like I say not clever enough to do the proof but half a brain and a bit of common sense says.

Rotational Mass = Of course it makes a difference but not enough to worry about.

Get some lighter tyres and tubes.

And if you still think it makes a big difference take off your dust caps 😉


 
Posted : 29/04/2010 10:51 am
Posts: 0
Free Member
 

That's 40 times, which actually is pretty shockingly much!

Yes, in isolation, but the mass of the rotating parts (the wheels - a couple of kg's) compared to the mass fo the rest (80kg?!? - including rider) diminishes the effect in the overall system in this particular example?


 
Posted : 29/04/2010 10:51 am
Posts: 0
Free Member
 

I put lighter wheels on my bike, and they made the bike feel great...
Until I came to rolling downhill on road.. All my friends are there freewheeling, and I'm having to now pedal to keep up with them. Whats that about!


 
Posted : 29/04/2010 10:51 am
Posts: 0
Free Member
 

It took me a few minutes, but here's where you went wrong, majk:

w -> rotational velocity = 2*pi*v/r

Actually w=v/r

You're adding an extraneous 2 * pi term on the mistaken assumption that w is measured in degrees, where it's actually measured in radians. The end result being that the actual rotational inertia is exactly the same as the translational inertia, hence nowhere near as big an effect as you (and everybody else) seems to think.

To those who can feel a difference in acceleration due to 300g difference in tyres, can you also feel the difference in acceleration due to your water bottle being full or empty?


 
Posted : 29/04/2010 10:52 am
 majk
Posts: 6
Full Member
 

Yes, in isolation, but the mass of the rotating parts (the wheels - a couple of kg's) compared to the mass fo the rest (80kg?!? - including rider) diminishes the effect in the overall system in this particular example?

Well, what I describe is relevant to when it comes to getting the bike up to speed - so how lively the bike feels in response to applying power. But mountain biking we tend to do a lot of slowing down and speeding up (well, speaking for myself) so I guess it's pretty important.

If you're grinding up a hill at constant speed, then the total mass is of interest. If you're cruising on the flat at constant speed then your aerodynamic profile, rolling resistance etc. is what is relevant.


 
Posted : 29/04/2010 10:55 am
Posts: 0
Free Member
 

[url= http://www.teachertube.com/viewVideo.php?video_id=124808 ]The force which is twisting the person in this vid is channelled into your bike when you turn the wheel.[/url]


 
Posted : 29/04/2010 10:55 am
 majk
Posts: 6
Full Member
 

Actually w=v/r

You're adding an extraneous 2 * pi term on the mistaken assumption that w is measured in degrees, where it's actually measured in radians. The end result being that the actual rotational inertia is exactly the same as the translational inertia, hence nowhere near as big an effect as you (and everybody else) seems to think.

Thanks for the catch (d'oh!) Thought that 40 was too big a number.

But still, it means a factor 2 (due to both the rotational and translational kinetic energy).


 
Posted : 29/04/2010 10:57 am
Posts: 0
Free Member
 

glenp - I understand the concept of gyrposcopic torque.... I was pointing out that it isn't the only torque acting on the wheel in cornering and whether the gyroscopic effect is significant will depend on alot of variables. You may be right in your situation.


 
Posted : 29/04/2010 11:06 am
Posts: 0
Free Member
 

Are you boys talking about weight or mass?


 
Posted : 29/04/2010 11:06 am
Posts: 0
Free Member
 

bristolbiker - that was actually for the benefit of coffeeking. My point is that the effect is there, and if you add rim and/or tyre weight the effect gets bigger. If you think about riding along and someone just nudging your shoulder, it doesn't take much force to lean a bike, so that torque from turning the gyro must be significant, and does get bigger with a bigger tyre.


 
Posted : 29/04/2010 11:10 am
Posts: 2855
Free Member
 

I run my bike with a) a normal 29er wheel and tyre and b) Surly Endomorph tyre which weighs in at 1150g plus a 450g DH innertube - I can tell you - the difference in turning feel is (gyroscope effect?) is significant, to the point where it feels like I'm riding two totally different bikes. I did try the Endo with a light 100g innertube but I can't say I noticed the difference in performance, it punctured first time out and proved to be unreparable - so I've stayed with DH innertubes - not had a puncture yet.


 
Posted : 29/04/2010 11:36 am
Posts: 3403
Free Member
 

Some people probably don't disagree with the maths, they just think if it doesn't seem to affect them much personally then clearly it's all just "marketing bollox", innit?


 
Posted : 29/04/2010 11:49 am
Posts: 0
Free Member
 

Not "bollox" at all, even if you are unaware of it. A lot of people think they don't counter-steer, but they do and are simply not consciously aware of what they are doing. You learn to ride a bike very young, so all the inputs don't have a name or understanding - you just do them. But that doesn't mean they don't exist, or are "bollox".


 
Posted : 29/04/2010 11:52 am
Posts: 0
Free Member
 

I lost nearly a kilo and a half from my bike. It did feel quicker and it probably was...

Perceived or not it does not matter to me, what it does matter is that I did 27 miles on an average 10.2 miles per hour when I normally struggle at 9mph.


Perceived I'm afraid - in combination with a genuine reduction in rolling resistance (from lighter tyres which roll better, as does going tubeless). Even if that 1.5kg was all at the rim it would only make 3-4% difference in total inertia, which I'd suggest is below the margin you can genuinely tell the difference, and certainly not sufficient to account for a ~13% improvement in performance!


 
Posted : 29/04/2010 11:58 am
Page 1 / 2