IMO on of the main things that make gravel bikes faster is that they’ve got narrower bars and you’re more hunched over meaning less frontal area and air resistance.
All depends how fast you are riding as rolling resistance is a bigger factor at lower speeds and rolling resistance is complicated on off road/variants of gravel. Would be a question of Ardent vs whatever gravel tyre you choose as you could be right and the gravel tyre could be no better.
Also all depends on what your position is like on the MTB. I have just bought a ‘new’ MTB, a 1996 Cannondale and the position of body is not much different than a gravel bike on hoods and the bars are very narrow (preference). I wouldn’t expect it to be much different in speed to a gravel bike if the tyres were the same. It definitely feels slower with the knobbly tyres it has on it when riding tarmac and compacted gravel.
As for gravel riding, just do it on your MTB with Ardents. If you are slower than you wold be on a gravel bike it will be less than 1mph average I would guess (assuming you ride at 15mph average and not 25mph) – does that actually matter?