You need to read posts more closely – I was referring to my manager’s eight year old. My daughter is five and I have, I hope, been teaching her some good character traits such as humility and honesty.
Interestingly one of the ways I think I have taught her is as follows. When she picks me up on things I have got wrong or forgotten, which she does quite often because she seems to have a very good memory, I don’t immediately say ‘shut up you smart-arse’. Instead I tend to compliment her on remembering, and I apologise for being wrong. If, however, she then says something triumphant about proving others wrong, I do say ‘it is not nice to do that, even if you are right’.
On the other hand, when she is being mardy and unreasonable, such as a recent incident when she threw a tantrum about not winning a prize, I tell her off. I also try to get across why I am telling her off.
My son is two. We are at the ‘it is not nice to throw wooden toys at your sister’ stage of character forming, so it is too early to tell!