With my driving hat on (not flat cap), I have an issue with too slow flash rear lights if I’m driving. Blink or glance away for a second and I can (and have) miss them. Been suddenly surprised a few times by a bike I didn’t notice with slow flash lights (1 a second). Faster and I notice even out of the corner of my eye.
I prefer a nice bright static red light to follow though in unlit areas. Reflects off things and can be seen a mile away. Though in a congested lit or twilight area, flashing helps.
But how that effects epilepsy I don’t know. I have come across the odd few with crazy rapid flashing like a strobe light and felt that was very distracting myself and did think anyone with epilepsy might have a problem with it.
Front lights I’d go with static. I don’t see how people can see the road ahead with only a flashing front light. As a driver the rear view shows a light and that’s good enough to know someone’s there.
With my riding helmet on, static front and a flashing rear due to urban areas I ride and it’s about 3 or 4 flashes a second I guess.