That adapter on a fork would do 180mm disc, on the rear 160mm disc.
A 160mm front adapter would do 140mm the rear.
Genuine shimano adapters are different though as the holes on one (forget if it’s the front or the rear) has the caliper holes slightly off-centre so should not be used on the wrong end. I think its the rear shimano that has the holes slightly further in towards the disc so if you use it on the front it’s hard to get rid of rubbing but using a front one on the rear (ie a 160mm front to use a 140mm disc on the rear) just needs some shims to space the adapter in a bit.
Cheaper and more generic ones are generally interchangeable and avid ones come with cone washers to adjust the caliper position.