Wtf are they? How are they mined? How are they currency?
This is still all completely over my head! What was that graphic about above…? Mining?
Essentially it’s a very long winded but simple mathematical problem.
You know what 128bit security is when you checkout online? It’s a binary number 128 digits long, your computer generates one, the shop has one, they match and the payment goes through. If at some point a hacker intercepts your transaction all he sees is gibberish because that 128 digit number has been used to create a code to cypher/decipher your details.
Now imagine you only have 127 of those numbers, you’ve got 2 options to pick to figure it out (0, 1), 126, 4 options (10, 01, 00, 11), 125 8 options (000, 001, 010, 100, 101, 110, 010, 111), and it goes up from there as 2^number of missing digits. So if you start off with a puzzle that involves solving a ‘hash’ it takes a lot of computing power to work backwards to a solution by random iteration.
So a bitcoin-mine is a bit like a gold mine, you spend months digging through solid worthless rock of numbers repetitively with your pickax/PC, until you hit gold/the solution.
The downside is like real gold (or to be fair, any currency), it’s only worth something because someone else thinks it is, if all 70million people in the UK opted to barter with chickens instead then the pound would collapse. The difference is there a re a lot more people invested in gold/pounds so the odds are less likely.