Don’t get me started on measurements of wood which is a bastardised rounding of converted imperial sizes
Isn’t wood measured before it dries out and shrinks? Or something.
Timber dimesions (2″x1″ etc) are the ‘off-saw’ sizes – the size of the cross section as its first sawn, so rough straight-out-the-sawmill 2×1 timber is 2″x1″ after those first cuts, but if its dressed / planed / regularised in any way (which removes material) then that the nominal size is still given – so something sold as dressed 2×1 is actually more like 1.75″ x 0.75″. These days, however, the sizes are usually given in metric and the dressed sizes are usually the actual planed size of the timber.
In length though timber is sold in metric units that approximate to imperial (8ft , 12ft, 16ft), but rounded down to the nearest 10cm, so a nominally 8ft plank will be 2.4m rather than 2.44m Its annoying as lengths are sold like this but sheets are still in full imperial sizes, so if you are making something from full sheets and full lengths, all you lengths are 4cm too short.
Something that I get frustrated with is little unit conversion widgets on computers, phones etc that only handle imperial units expressed in decimal, which is a bit nuts – if I want to convert 5’7″ to metric i have to enter it as 5.58333333333…..