I just had a look in CEN 14766
It states
4.10.2 Wheel/tyre assembly – clearance
Alignment of the wheel/tyre assembly in a bicycle shall allow not less than 6 mm clearance between the tyre and any frame or fork element or a mudguard and its attachment bolts."
And also:-
4.12 Mudguards
4.12.1 Requirement
When tested by the method described in the two-stage tests in 4.12.2 and 4.12.3, the mudguard shall not prevent rotation of the wheel nor shall obstruct the steering.
4.12.2 Stage 1: Test method – tangential obstruction
Insert a 12 mm diameter steel rod between the spokes, in contact with the rim and below the mudguard stays as shown in Figure 40, and rotate the wheel to apply a tangentially-upward force of 160 N, against the mudguard stays and maintain this force for 1 min.
Remove the rod and determine whether or not the wheel is free to rotate and whether or not any damage to the mudguard adversely affects the steering.
4.12.3 Stage 2: Test method – radial force
Press the mudguard 20 mm from its free end with a 20-mm diameter, flat-ended tool radially towards the tyre with a force of 80 N as shown in Figure 41.
Figure 41 — Mudguard – radial force test
Whilst the force is maintained, rotate the wheel manually in the direction of forward movement of the bicycle and determine whether or not the wheel is free to rotate, and whether or not any damage to the mudguard adversely affects the steering.
But you probably knew this