I think it depends entirely on the station. Commercial stations, I believe, have playlists created and sent out, where they have to play certain chart records so many times a day, certain golden oldies, the same.
BBC stations have playlists decided by a group of the producers and DJ’s sitting around and discussing what’s new, what is in the charts, climbing and dropping, and so have A, B and C lists, with DJ’s having some choice of their own.
6Music has playlists, but they’re not constrained by the charts, when they get new releases, they again have A, B and C lists, from what I understand, so new tracks from popular artists will get heavier play, like a new Arctic Monkeys, for example. There are also certain older tracks that get regular play, and all sorts of random stuff the DJ’s can play that suits them.
That’s my sort of understanding of how they function, and it’s why I favour 6Music, there’s always completely new stuff being played every day, but not all of it gets played regularly.
Shazam gets a lot of use for that very reason.
I’m happy to be corrected on this, it’s not something I’ve ever looked into in depth.