I have 46cm chest and wide shoulders, so when i bought first road bike i instantly slapped on widest bars i could find at 46cm, but when i went for a bike fit, was told i should have 44cm bars.
They measure the distance between the “knobbles” at the end of the clavicle, the lump before the shoulder, not the distance between the shoulders themselves from experience.
It does have aero advantages, in that it makes frontal area smaller, but also, if the bar curves forward directly below your shoulders, when you lean down to make yourself smaller, your arms tend to tuck in below the body. When i had wider bars, the arms tended to flare out at the elbows as i leant forward.
Plus the most used position on a road bike is riding on the hoods, with the body at about 40-45 degrees, so you are putting quite a bit of weight through your arms and you tend to move position a lot less than you would on a road bike, try to a “plank” with your hands directly below you, then try doing one with hands slightly to either side of you and see which is les tiring.