Ok the bottom setting is controlled by how tight the bottom cap is. Not tight enough and it wont go down far enough to lock [ spring tension could be an issue but I very much doubt it as for up…you have me there tbh. Is something stopping the full travel of the post?
FWIW I always start by
1. Remove pin – do all three holes line up?- ie can you get to them – use an allen key/screwdriver or something the rough size of the pin to check this
2. Replace pin – remove cable from lever – can you do it “manually” by pulling cable- ie get all three positions.- if not then fettle till you can with cap etc
IME its almost always a problem with cable tension
have you fitted an inline cable adjuster?
FWIW i have not the top [ a rear light was in the way] and not the bottom [ collar]but never only the middle