Simple trick I use when it’s bitter out there..
Normal weight socks (so for me it’s my normal riding socks) not the thicker “winter” socks some use… Then a piece of foil wrapped around the front of my toes ending mid sole (so not all the way back to my ankle) I wrap a double layer around my foot making sure I can still wiggle my toes when standing on the ball of my foot. Then I put my shoes on and open up the Velcro on the toe strap a little more than usual, I tighten the mid Velcro normally, then the ratchet I leave fairly firm but not clamped (until I need it done tight)
Also it’s all about blood flow, more effort. So I tempo up cadence, climb out of the saddle (either at climbing cadence or lower) then pace off when the sections over to allow the blood to flow freely around my body.
I do use overshoes/Belgian booties but tend to wear them when it’s wet.
Assume you are talking about road here btw.