UCI have rules, CTT are weirdly accepting, partially based on it is almost impossible for the national executive to agree on anything, so most things get by eg Nick Bowdlers weird and wonderful TT rig from last year BBAR!
Skin suits are fine, deep sections are fine, there are a couple of track front wheels that go over the line due to the amount of shielding.
My local club …a3crg have a variety of local rules, like having to ride with a working rear light, which we enforce during our summer weekly evening 10’s but even this is tricky to enforce for open events.
Time trialling was a real underground activity (hence the codes for courses) and I think a little of that anti disestablishment spirit remains…..or no one knows how to get the rules changed 🙂