There is a pretty notorious junction in London where deaths have occurred.
Travelling west on Upper Thames Street at the junction with Queen Street Place (going onto Southwark Bridge) there is a cycle lane and an ASL. HGVs turning left here have resulted in very nasty incidents. The cycle lane and the ASL encourage people to ‘overtake on the left’ as it’s a cycle lane.
Anyway, I reckon that in all but a few cases, cycle lanes should be mandatory ones with a solid white line, not a broken line. This means that NO cars, taxis, buses, vans, HGVs, scooters, Motorbikes, etc can use them. Better still a phsical seperation so the can’t encroach on the lane at all