There are quite a few "theories" regarding autism and as yet no consensus. One of the most common ideas is that we are all somewhere on the spectrum, with empathy at one end and systemising at the other. If you want an interesting perspective, check out Simon Baron-Cohen's "the extreme male brain theory of autism" – a very readable version is his book "The Essential Difference: Men, Women and the Extreme Male Brain."
Autism is the area of research I am involved in. I do find it difficult to watch programmes like the one mentioned in this thread, as I think there's a fine line between celebrating the strengths of those with autism and turning it all into an unnecessary spectacle. Difficult one really, but there are some incredible stories, as well as heart-breaking ones.