Easy explanation is leverage applied to the disc verses the wheel size
Put massive 19″ wheels on your chav corsa the brakes feel rubbish because the big wheel has more leverage against the disc go back to a smaller wheel 15″ and the leverage on the disc is less so the brakes feel more powerful
Swap this around to fitting a bigger disc for the same size wheel the leverage is the same at the wheel but the bigger disc doesn’t work as hard for the same braking effort at the caliper
Effectivly giving you more available power only to the point of how much grip you have before you lock up
Also bigger discs get rid of the heat better giving better braking as everthing heats up the disc can keep cooler as thereis more material to disapaite the heat
Didn’t read all four pages so I may have missed the point