Nothing at all to do with homeopathy. Has nothing to do with the dose rates, it’s an assay method
Example. Imagine you wanted to measure the intensity of blue paint, without using a spectrophotometer or similar.
Anyone can look at it and see it’s blue paint.
Dilute it 50/50 with white. Is it still ‘blue’?
Do it again, now it’s 1/4 (or 4 in titer speak) – still blue?
Keep going – 8,16,32,64…… at what point is it no longer blue?
Now compare 2 blue paints, to see what their relative intensities are….and you have a means of comparing.