I’ve not played with any USB mics, but I’m sure there are good ones about.
For a bedroom-type studio I would also be looking for an audio interface, since it’s much more flexible in terms of what you can plug into it, and you’ll almost certainly get a moar betterer soundcard than whatever built-in thing your laptop has.
Last time I was looking at this the Mackie Onyx Blackjack looked decent: decent mic preamps, works for electric guitar DI, does phantom power, and will record at 24bit depth which is good if you’re going to be applying effects and mixing. I’m sure other options exist, but this sort of form factor I think is a winner when you don’t need loads of inputs, etc. It is just north of 100 quid though, so basically eats your budget from the get-go.
On the mic front, SM57 or SM58 are good 🙂