Obviously, it’s all relative and we don’t live in the alps, but there’s a bit more to it than just a straight “100ft/mile” I would say. The comment made above about the bits in between is probably important.
e.g. My son and I did a 60 miler last month that took in Kidstones, Askrigg Common, Buttertubs and Fleet Moss – a hilly route by any English measure – yet it only just sneaks in at 100ft/mile because there’s inevitable flatter sections linking up the hills. In fact, short of doing reps on the climbs, I think I’d struggle to plot a circular route that would hit this level. Another local ride with half the distance, but half the climb, wasn’t nearly as tough on the legs, despite coming out at the same “feet/mile” measure
Personally, it’s the big, sustained climbs that define a hilly vs flat ride and steepness definitely factors in here – I can ride up gentle hills all day, but the big 1 in 4 climbs will really take it out of the legs in a way that an all day “rolling” ride will never do.