The sad thing about the UK bike industry missing out on the birth of mtb was that they were already making suitable bikes (by the standards of the time, obviously) and had been since at least the 1930s.
Take this 1960 Rudge for the export market. It had 2″ tyres and was built for rough usage.
I have a similar but local model which has the 26×1⅜” tyres, and have ridden it extensively offroad. Its handling is quite competent for everything short of technical singletrack, ie good gravel bike. It even has a reinforced steerer.
Humber, Elswick, Raleigh were among the other companies that made similar bikes for the colonies.
Just imagine if they had sold them in the UK.
Young lads would have stripped off all the extraneous stuff like mudguards and chainguards and been out bombing around the hills. We even had decent canti brakes back then – Resilions.
The mtb could have been born here in the 1930s.
But it wasn’t.
Let’s face it, the UK blew it, and our industry got decimated as a result.
So let’s be grateful for what happened 40 years ago.
.
.
BTW if anyone has a colonial model Rudge etc, I’d love to have a close look at it.