to elaborate on what SFB said…
lat/long references are given in degrees north from the equator, and degrees east or west from greenwich. [sorry for stating the obvious]
the degrees can be expressed several ways, which caused the original problem:
51deg 31'45'' is in degrees, minutes, and seconds. like time, minutes are 1/60th of a degree, seconds 1/60th of a minute.
51deg 31'45'' could be written 51deg 31.75' (45 seconds are three quarters of a minute, so .75)
also as 51.5292deg (30.75 divided by 60 is 0.5292)
as said above, and it sounds like you're doing now, in the uk if you have OS, then try to use grid references instead, as it's much easier to compare to a paper map.
HTH