As someone who first suffered a back injury back in 96 (picking up a pair of shoes), heres my experiences and successes.
1. Generally, a back problem, esp. disc related, is never cured, it is managed.
2. Always rest during the acute phase,taking regular anti infammatories; the majority of pain if due to nerve compression secondary to inflammation and this can take weeks/months to fully resolve.
3. I was off the bike initially for 6 months, given painkillers by my GP, finally forced a referral to a specialist.
It took me 2 years to see a consultant on the NHS (X ray and MRI), who told me I had stenosis (scarring) around L5 and S1 and this would cause me pain (no shit Sherlock) then referred me to physio.
4. Moral of number 3, don't expect a miracle.
5. The greatest and most consistent treatment I have had has been via a chiropractor.
6. A good chiropractor will suggest X rays and scans before treating you, if you can get these done early on the NHS do so, private scans and x rays are ridiculously expensive.
7. Pilates, core training, when told this is safe, every day and for the rest of your life.
8. I had to change jobs, I was an ICU nurse (bending, lifting etc) and now work in medical training.
9. Been episode free for last three years but still get twinges, learn you read your body.
10. It may be a long road, chin up
11. When your ready, get a professional bike fit/positioning done, yes it costs, but it has made the worl d of difference.
12.I spoke to lots of neurosurgeons, through work, regarding surgery, did not meet one who suggested it. Benefits/risk not that great unless ability to walk affected.
13. Because I was forced to listen to my body and not rely on youth to protect it I now now in better shape at 37 than I was at 27.
Good luck