I did my first ever tubeless tyre install this week.
I used gorilla tape, after checking it was the right width, as that’s what I had.
Admittedly it was then a real pain to get the tyre beads up on to the raised part of the rim enough that at least some air would stay inside. Eventually managed that and it inflated with just my track pump.
The down side is that it deflates fairly quickly. However, in my case it turns out there is a hole in the sidewall of the tyre (Grrr). I can feel the air coming out with my hand over it and can see sealant coming out too. I’m hoping it seals itself up.
It’s absolutely vital the tape seals the spoke and valve holes. Air pressure does not hold it down. It needs to be stuck so that the air can’t get past. Really carefully check every hole to make sure there are no gaps or bubbles. Make sure the wheel rim is clean, dry and grease free before trying to stick tape to it.
The yellow tape in your last pic doesn’t appear to be stuck to the rim. It even seems to have a ‘dent’ in it. I can’t see that holding air in at all.
The blue one looks better, but it still looks like it might have gaps. It’s hard to tell from the pic.
If it’s leaking out around the valve, after making sure the tape is properly sealed, cut as small a hole as possible to get the valve through. Then make sure it is tightly screwed in.
The theory is simple. Every part must be air tight. The tape seals the valve and spoke holes in the wheel. The sealant fills in any (small enough) holes in the tyre.
In practice it can be fiddly, but it really does work.