I put ground food out (on a dangly tray thing), sunflower seeds in a feeder, water, and peanuts in two other feeders. We have a thriving colony of sparrows (50+) great tits, blue tits, willow tits, coal tits, long tailed tits, chaffinches, dunnocks, greater spoted woodpecker, green woodpeckers, collared doves, stock doves, woodies (yuk), blackbirds, robin(s) thrushes, wrens, the occasional starling, crow, pheasant, red legged partridge, field fare, moorhen, mistle thrush, gold finches but very few greenfinches any more. To top all this off, we have a semi resident sparrow hawk who uses our garden like a sushi bar.
When I have clients round to discuss business, they spend more time watching the birds that listening to me!
The reason we need to feed birds now is that we have destroyed a lot of their habitat.
Don’t put your food on the floor and rats won’t get it. Hang it from trees.