"but will it change the properties of the 853 through the heat process mainly"
a curious question
http://reynoldstechnology.biz/faqs/materials/4
"The chemistry of air-hardening steels like our 853 and 631 means that not only are they stronger than typical chrome-alloy 4130 type steels, but after TIG o r MIG welding, the heat-affected zone (HAZ) will be significantly stronger due to the grain structure formed on cooling in air. The positive result from this is a higher fatigue life for the joint – usually 30-60% better than an equivalent Cr-Mo joint. So less material can be used to achieve a particular target fatigue performance."
http://reynoldstechnology.biz/our_customers_sports_cars.php
"by 'bronze welding' (not brazing) new head and down tubes in"
bronze welding is probably slang for brazing.
Silver soldering is slang for brazing using silver based alloy.
Before cutting out the old head tube and downtube either measure the angles of H/T to Top tube and H/T to D/T plus D/T to seat tube. This will give you a guide for replacing them, or markout the layout by drawing around the frame with it placed on a large sheet of paper or plywood for example. This will make checking the new tubes easier before welding / brazing. Or there is the opportunity to change the head angle if you want, but requires some care and thought.
You can get a selection of tube thicknesses in 853 or 631 or any steel you like. Thicker wall thickness might be the better option (lower stress, stress = load/area).
http://reynoldstechnology.biz/assets/pdf/rtl_2010_parts_list.pdf
If you have air tools and rotary-burrs / small belt-sander then cutting out the old tubes will be easy, but with care though to leave a smooth and even surface on the old H/T and BB shell to be brazed to.
"Waxoyl"
to braze anything it needs to be clean, very clean, so any waxoyl needs to be thoroughly removed.