The lighter a wheel is faster to accelerate for a given input of power.
Also, lighter wheels are quicker steering as they have less gyroscopic effect.
However, if you are pedalling at a steady 90rpm in top gear, two wheels identical in every respect apart from weight will have the exact same surface speed regardless.
So YES, lighter wheels will ACCELERATE faster for a given power input, but NO lighter wheels will NOT make the bike travel faster for a given input and gear ratio.
In other words, OVERALL you may be a microscopic margin faster over a given distance if you put in the same effort with lighter wheels.