Slight thread diversion – but Assad and Putler are taking a beating in Syria, not sure how it plays out geopolitically but Putin stands to loose his warm water naval base and influence in the region?
It looks like the Syrian rebels are taking advantage of not only Russia’s problems, but also Hezbollah’s problems following Israeli action. Aleppo is significant as the second largest city, but also as a base for both Hezbollah and Syrian forces. Israel has struck Aleppo on at least two occasions since October and in the same raid in March struck an Hezbollah weapons store near to Aleppo airport and Syrian forces in another suburb.
Russia has air force assets, which it’s using against the rebels, but ground forces are heavily compromised and are needed to regain territory. To alleviate this Russia has spoken with both Turkiye and Iran, their allies under the Astana Process. Iran has it’s own problems so time will tell whether they respond.
Turkiye will probably respond but is quite likely to want to move the balance of power towards their forces and away from Iran and Russia. Relations between Turkiye and Russia are complex https://carnegieendowment.org/russia-eurasia/politika/2024/07/turkiye-russia-fragile-partnership?lang=en
We’ll have to see how it plays out, but Russia has some serious prioritising to do to maintain a foothold in Syria; I suspect that they’ll focus on Ukraine.