The Pope was forced to join HJ, as every child in Germany was after 1939.
Actually it was in 1941 that I believe membership of Hitler Youth became compulsory, and when Ratzinger became a ‘member’. And as I understand it, you didn’t have to ‘physically’ join HY, schools automatically registered all their pupils as being members.
There is no evidence that Ratzinger was actually active in the HY. The photograph which is often shown of him in uniform, shows him wearing the Luftwaffenhelfer uniform from his days with an anti-aircraft battery. I have never seen a photo of him wearing the tradition HY uniform with the scout scarf and woggle.
On 1943 the Nazis started compulsive conscription of 15 and 16 year olds, and that’s when Ratzinger joined the anti-aircraft forces as a Luftwaffenhelfer. He was latter sent with regular German forces to Hungary but deserted in 1944, a full year before the end of hostilities with Germany.
Furthermore, Ratzinger’s family were anti-Nazi devote Catholics. His cousin of the same age was murdered by the Nazis in their eugenics programme because he had Down syndrome. It’s hard to imagine anything more at odds with the Catholic Church’s teachings, and it’s claim of “sanctity of life”, than the Nazi belief in killing those with disabilities.
But even if it was actually true and as claimed above Ratzinger was, quote : “an active member of the Hitler Youth. Not forced to join but signed up through free choice” it takes a special kind of muppet to denounce the political position taken by a 14 year old child. Especially when that position is line with the political position overwhelmingly prevalent in that society.
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the last one was a Polish freedom fighter.One extreme to the other!!
Freedom fighter my arse.
John Paul II was chosen by the cardinals precisely because he was conservative and anti-progressive.
Before his papacy for example, the Vatican had a fairly ambivalent attitude towards birth control – although generally frowning it. Some priests actually argued that not using birth control could be sinful if it caused poverty and suffering.
John Paul II soon put a stop to that and came out very strongly against birth control, despite the horrendous suffering it has caused in third world countries in terms of poverty, hunger, child prostitution, etc, etc. Nothing very “liberating” about that.
The Vatican’s opposition to birth control will eventually one day I have no doubt, go down as a shameful period in it’s history. In much the same way as other shameful periods….eg the Inquisition and the slaughter of the indigenous peoples of the New World, etc.
Also before John Paul’s papacy, the Vatican was surprisingly tolerant of Liberation Theology. The movement in Latin America in which for example, “worker priests” lived amongst the poor, the destitute, and the powerless (in much the same way as Christ is claimed to have) and speaking out wherever possible on their behalf – something which they often paid for at the hands of the Death Squads with their lives.
John Paul II soon put a stop to that, forbidding any priests from engaging in Liberation Theology. Nothing very “liberating” about that.
He did towards the end of his life become quite critical of capitalism, and even went so far as giving some credit to Marx’s critique of it :
Later, on his 1993 visit to Latvia, John Paul proclaimed that there was “a kernal of truth in Marxism” which recognized the “exploitation to which an inhuman capitalism had subjected the proletariat since the beginning of industrial society.”[/b]
This however, was imo, too little and too late.