Marine ply rather than bare chipboard.
Why marine ply?- are you planning to sail your workbench and require Lloyds of London to underwrite you? 🙂 Theres nothing that plywood is going to bring to the party that chipboard isn’t going to do more than well enough and given that ply is sold in widths twice as wide as the OP is looking for he’ll have twice as he wants for more than 5 times the price.
A bit of chipboard flooring (not just plain 8×4 chipboard sheets- thats a different grade) will be fine, a bit of worktop will be fine but unless someone has an off cut they are sold in huge lengths (although Ikea 25mm beach stave worktops are cheap and sold in short enough lengths incidentally). The main difference between chip flooring and 38mm worktops will be one is matt and grippy and the other is slick and slippery – its easier to get stuff to stay put on chipboard – not least by just screwing stuff down, formica / melamine kitchen worktop is better if you work with anything oily, wet or solvent-y that you want to be able to clean up easily.