As I say, it depends on the outer seals, in my opinion. Well sealed components, not just the bearing seals, and it can stand a lot.
More exposed components get cruddy quick and from experience having taken advantage of a jet wash occasionally after a really mucky ride, I’ve ended up with seized bearings. Usually because water has got in there, I’ve chucked bike in car and in house and let it dry out and rust.
Worst ones I find are the lower headset bearing as usually the outer seal isn’t great (even Hope, though theirs is better), and it’s a very exposed area so a lot of crud gets in. Jet wash and the crud is driving in as well I reckon. Though isn’t necessarily washing the grease out, but I do use a lot of grease on the outer surfaces so water and crud shouldn’t really get further in, but has done.