Seeing as how fast the tea clippers were, there must be a hydrodynamic reason for having that flat centre part of the keel running back from the bow.
Based on the first generation I think it’s to keep it stable in intermediate conditions. As it lands you want the wetted surface to be minimal and increase gradually, otherwise it will slow down too much then the surface friction means there’s a huge hump to get over to take off again.
The outer dimensions of the hull are strictly controlled (so you end up with something that looks like a “boat”) by the rules otherwise I suspect they’d have ended up closer to very narrow scows.
There was an argument over the wind conditions that would be allowed for racing. Obviously, there’s an upper limit, but you need to know the lower limit so you know whether you need to design the “hull” to work in the water, or whether you can focus on it being merely an aerodynamic fuselage (remember they’re doing 50mph, the aerodynamics are important). Judging by that hull they’ve decided there’ll be some racing in the water not just on it.
Doesn’t look like the Brittannia’s port and stbd foils lift, like we see the Emirates doing? Is it a generation behind?
The lifting arms and mechanism are a one-design part to keep them strong enough. Just the foils on the end are unique.