Tarifa has rock climbing areas, just google for them. The surf around Tarifa picks up in the winter months but it is mainly a kite / wind surf area. check magic seaweed for wave info. Obviously being the med the waves are created by wind rather than swell.
There’s some good camping places around tarifa aswell. We camped for free for weeks in our van outside tarifa going west, there’s a cool surf beach with a bar/cafe and a big field. Lots of Brit New Age travellers come down from the sierra nevada mountains and summer there free for months as its a public field.
Other than that I’d look at san sebastian, surf beach right in the town centre and the Pyrenees mountains directly behind it. But I guess that goes for quite a bit of the coastline down there of north spain and south france as you’ve either got the pyrenees or the picos de europa to choose from to climb in.