The bikes are subject to the same weight limit as road bikes, ie 6.8kg. You're also not allowed moveable weights any more – all the weight must be structural with no lead weights down the seattube!
Bikes are custom built to the athlete, the sprint ones are heavier than the pursuit bikes cos they use thicker carbon for stiffness. All the Team GB riders use PowerCranks, there's a room full of them at Manchester Velodrome, each athlete has their own: one for road, one for track. The wheel rack there holds about £500,000 of Mavic wheels!
The sprint wheels are custom built by Mavic, normal ones they found had too much flex in them! I've seen regular 32h track wheels break under the strain of sprints, you can sometimes see wheels of more normal track bikes flexing under a heavy rider. Lockrings are compulsory for sprints, it's not unknown for riders to strip threads and it stops the cog flying off.
There's a whole raft of technical rules and regs re bike weights, measurements and angles that the UCI stipulate, in fact some of the Team GB track bikes have had to be changed recently to accommodate this.