Often, when the base of walls are painted black like that, it’s done using a bituminous paint, used for waterproofing up to dpc level.
If the substrate forming the plinth is quite porous, you will most likely need to maintain this waterproofing in order to prevent water from getting in and damaging the structure. However, looking at the photos, it looks like there are engineering bricks behind the finish, so the black paint may just be decorative.
It could be that the substrate you see on the corner is a cement-based render used to form the sloping top of the plinth. You would still need to maintain this slope to prevent water from sitting on top of the plinth and potentially damaging the brickwork.