I’d spend 1200 on a bike, 300 on kit and the rest on somewhere nice to go.
For the proper road bike experience, you want light, swift handling and comfortable. I’d avoid some of the bikes that have crossed over from mtb makers, and I’d avoid steel frames.
1200 will buy you an ultegra equipped carbon bike. This is all the road bike you could want. The Giant Defy is my first choice if you want disks. It combines comfort with race handling and the compromise is just right. Other “sportive” bikes tend to lend themselves a little more to comfort.
As for lycra. Well it serves it’s purpose. Bib shorts are wonderful, but there’s nothing wrong with some normal (not too baggy) shorts over the top. Back pockets in a jersey will be a revelation too.
For pedals, i’d go with dual sided 524’s. Flat to get you going and spd fancy. There is a considerable benefit to clipless on the road.
Welcome to the club, find a good local bike shop for a fitting if you are totally unsure. And you should have at least a cursory fit to get you in the right place.