Riding on the flat is incredibly useful for training, forget speed – aim for heartrate. Go for 85%, this is around your lactate threshold level – this is the level at which your body starts to produce a high level of blood lactate – a key ingredient in reducing lactic acid.
This is basically riding at Tempo – you’ll notice TdF riders doing this during a stage.
If you can hold yourself at lactate threshold for 20 – 60 minutes you’ll increase your tolerance to activity within this zone and be able to ride at a faster pace for longer.
Start by doing a couple of sets at 20 minutes at LT, and increase it over time. You’ll notice a marked difference in your tolerance.
It is boring, very boring indeed, I tend to listen to music on shuffle while doing this.
I’d also recommend not settling into a comfortable pace- that’ll make it even more boring, soul-destroying and not much fun. That said, for endurance riding, you should be aiming at around 75% – if you’re in threshold you’re pushing too hard. Apparently.