Another way to look at it. Consider it from a dimension point of view (this works just as well with a cube as with a sphere, pi doesn’t come into it).
1-D: If the sun and the earth are one dimensional objects, then the sun is 100x bigger than the earth.
2-D: Imagine the earth is a square of length 1. If we make it 100x larger, then it grows in length and width. 100 x 100 = 10,000 times more surface area. (100 squared)
3-D: Your example. Our square is now a cube of length 1 on all sides. Let’s make it 100x bigger. It grows by 100 on the length, width, and depth. 100 x 100 x 100 = 1,000,000 times heavier (100 cubed).
Think of it in terms of one-unit blocks if you want. Bakes has the simple answer. 🙂
I learnt this maxim at school, in terms of how volume (or mass) increases with factors in terms of throwing things down a 1000ft mine shaft.
* A mouse is unharmed.
* A rat is stunned.
* A man breaks.
* A horse splashes.