Credit scoring is financial risk management
You are asking a company to lend you dosh
They want it back with interest so they need to understand whether you can afford it and have a track record of paying it back.
The credit score is based on one of many scorecards that adds up all of the bits of information they have about you to arrive at a number. Crudely, you get plus points for credit accounts that have a good payment history, plus points for a solid set of current accounts and minus points for late payments etc.. Some score cards also look at the links you have with others, some don’t.
This number is then used by the finance company against past history and some other maths. Simplistically, they have a score that they will accept along with other important factors (for example, must have more than one transacting account etc…). There are a range of scorecards and a range of data sets so you will never see a 100% consistent result across all products.
The more information they have about you the more honed the decision. molgrips is only correct in the point that the score is designed to make money out of you..by ensuring that you pay it back. There is shitloads of science and stats behind it, but this does mean that people can fall into the wrong end of the bell curve through no fault of their own. The madness is that the best way for them to get out of it, is to gain some credit and operate it well.
spacemonkey: the only missing information on noddle should be searches as the 3 credit reference agencies don’t share this.