As for the engine maps James Allen’s excellent site has all the minute details.
http://www.jamesallenonf1.com/2012/07/the-red-bull-renault-engine-map-controversy/
As for this
Vettel stays off circuit and avoids an accident then gets rewarded with a 20 second penalty. Maldonado tries to stay on the circuit in order to avoid the 20 second penalty and is rewarded with a Hamilton!
The similarities and differences of the two incidents are actually quite telling.
In both the Mclarens drivers on fading tyres positioned their car perfectly in such a way it was impossible for the faster car behind to pass at that corner. (Alonso is also an expert in this as he proved a few years back. At Imola if my memory is good?)
Vettel, being a fairly sensible chap, saw some tarmac and made a calculated risk that due to the proximity to the end of the race this may be his only option to pass and to do it off the track. The only risk in doing this was that he would be penalised and he either decided it was a risk worth taking or failed to properly understand that he couldn’t overtake off the circuit like that as he though he was taking the long way round.
Maldinardo, being a hot headed danger to himself and others with a grudge against Hamilton the world, failed to accept that Hamiltion had out smarted him at that corner and hang back given a wall meant there was no escape around the outside. Instead he smashed into the side of Hamilton; there was plenty of circuit behind Hamilton that he could have tried to stay on to try to avoid his 20s penalty.
IMO Vettles penalty of of 4 place drop was harsh but inevitable as a “drive through” is the lowest penalty available to the stewards. Dropping being Button would have been appropriate but there wasnt’ any mechanism to achive this. But Maldinardo got of lightly and somebody needs to teach him a lesson. It is preferable this is a steward rather than a wall and a hospital bed.