if it starts to age badly and debond then you will probably notice it go noodly before it breaks as the stiffness drops.
road grime – as long as it is painted it will be fine. Raw ones – be careful with sunlight – do not store them in direct sunlight as UV will degrade the epoxy over time. Don’t worry about riding in sunlight – it takes many, many hundreds of hours and most frames are painted anyway and clearcoat will probably help to a degree.
Composites will fatigue – but they are very good in fatigue.
And yes the composite will degrade eventually…but you won’t be still riding it due to your body degrading faster. Any frame material degrades with use and welds in any material are just as likely fail eventually.