Its going to be very difficult (or impossible) for anyone to determine whether or not this is small crack in the paint or something more serious from a picture. Some kind of non destructive testing equipment would be required. Other than that you would probably need to take the paint back to the bare frame and or course by then its going to be too late.
One method of non destructive testing used to test the integrity of composites in aero and other such applications is the tap test. Some of you may laugh at this for such a “hi-tech” material, but is is a bonafide method of non destructive testing. To how does it work ?
In this case I would take something metallic, like a 5 or 6mm drill bit. Wrap a thin layer of electrical tape round the end (the side that fits in the drill) hold the other and proceed to tap the frame. I would remove the parts which might interfere with the sound. Any way you would be looking for changes in tone in the different parts you tap.
You could start there.
My opinion is that to have a crack like that, you would probably need some quite serious damage underneath if it was immediate carbon below. However, having said that. Most bike manufactures have still not mastered moulding these more intricate parts of bikes, as a consequence they often need a fair bit of finishing so areas like this can have quite a bit of filler slapped on there. It would not surprise me if this was filler heavy and some flexing in this area would have caused the filler to burst.