Primarily an anti-slip, but does help prevent galvanic reactions between carbon and aluminium alloy. Something which I neglected with my alloy seatpost in carbon frame and it bonded. Took a hell of a lot of effort, tools, vice, plus various liquids to try to unbond it. Almost was going to cut the post but eventually got it out. Now I never leave the post in the frame at home. I do apply carbon paste but most of it is pushed off by pushing the post into the frame.
Ps the paste is recommended by some manufacturers even just for metal to metal. Just reduces torque required on clamping surfaces if it’s likely to slip.