The purpose of larger discs is mainly more leverage which means more braking torque can be applied – which is why some forks and frames have max disc sizes – they are not designed for large discs.
Increased disc area does have a benefit of better heat dissipation but I wouldnt worry about that.
The disadvantage of larger discs is weight and vulnerability to being damaged. 180mm front and 160mm is ideal for most people and will be more than enough for you. The 180mm is nice to have up front to give a bit more front power.